Joseph gardam



J. GARDAM.

Dipping Needle.

No. 234,110. Patented Nov. 2, 1880..

FIG'I.

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WITNESSES:

JOSEPH GARDAM,

r WILLIAM GARDAM A PLAO E.

OF BROOKLYN, NEW

ND FREDERICK WILLIAM GARDAM, OF SAME YORK, ASSIGNOR OF TWO-THIRDS DlPPlNG-NEEDLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 234,110, dated November 2, 1880.

0 all whom it may Application filed August 13, 1880.

(No model.)

concern Be it known that I, JOSEPH GARDAM, of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Dipping-N eedles, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification and accompanying drawin gs, in which- Figures 1 and my improved 1 0 right representin g vertical centers of the same.

through the In using the ordi 2 illustrate different forms of dipping-needle, figures to the transverse sections nary dipping-needle it has i always been necessary that the person operatin g the same should be familiar with the direc- 1 tion of the magnetic meridian at that particular spot upon which he is situated, so as to cause the needle to swing in a perpendicular plane passing through the magnetic meridian, thereby to relieve the centers from the greatest 2o amount of friction and to obtain an unincumbered dip of the needle.

My object in said improvement is now to provide a dipping-needle which shall readily indicate the direction of the magneticmeridian,

z 5 whileyet assuming the dip necessarily involved by local or magnetic attraction.

The needle N, Fi between two agate g. 1, is balanced on its axis or jeweled centers, J J, the

latter being adjustable through opposite sides 0 of the perpendicular slotted support B. This support H is now further provided at each extremity with pivots resting in agate or jeweled centers J J, which ble in and through 5 instrument.

are also rendered adjustathe annular body A of the l It will now be evident that if the instrument beheld by the suspensory-ring (indicated as encircling the entire instrument) the needleN will, in assuming the direction of the magnetic meridian, cause the perpendicular support H to revolve in its centersJ J independent of any dip indicated by possible local or magnetic attraction.

To read the dip it is but necessary to cause the dial or annular body A to swing in the same plane with the needle.

In Fig. 2 I have abandoned the lower pivot and center of the support H and caused the latter to swing upon but one (the upper) pivot and center J by providing a recess, U, at the top of the annular body A of the instrument. (More clearly shown in section.)

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, i.s-

1. In combination with a dipping-needle, N, a perpendicular slotted support, H, revolving upon its pivots J J between centers which are rendered adjustable in and through opposite sides of the annular bodyA of the instrument, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a dipping-needle compass, a needle, N, balanced between adjustable centers J J, in combination with a perpendicular slotted support, H, revolving in and balanced on adjustable centers J J t one or said support, substantially as and for the purpose described.

Witnesses: JOSEPH GARDAM.

WALTER LARGE, FREDERICK BETTZ.

both extremities of Correction for Letters Patent No. 234.110.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent N 0. 234,110, dated November 2, 1880, issued to Joseph Gardam, for Improvement in Dipping Needles, the reference letters J J in lines 33, 41, 57, and 65 of the specification and claims, were erroneously printed J J, and the reference letter J in line 50 of the specification was erroneously printed J; that the proper corrections have been made in the records of this Office, and that the said correction is hereby made in said Letters Patent.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 20th day of November, A. D. 1880.

[SEAL.] A. BELL,

Acting Secretary of the Interior. i Conntersigned:

E. M. MARBLE,

Gmnmissim/er of Patents. 

